Measles and Rubella: Protecting Our Community
What you need to know about these highly contagious viruses, and how your pharmacist can help you check your immunity.
Thanks to high vaccination rates, Australia officially eliminated endemic measles and rubella in 2014, according to the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS). However, this does not mean the threat has vanished. Because both viruses remain active in many parts of the world, unvaccinated or under-vaccinated travellers frequently bring these infections back into the country, sparking localized outbreaks that can spread rapidly among vulnerable populations.
With international travel fully resumed, ensuring your immunity is up to date is more important than ever. Whether you are planning a trip overseas, hoping to start a family, or simply want to protect the broader Southern Highlands community, understanding measles and rubella is the first step in effective prevention.
Understanding the Viruses
Measles and rubella are both highly contagious viral respiratory illnesses, but they affect the body in distinctly different ways. Both are transmitted through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or through direct contact with infected nasal or throat secretions.
Measles
- Contagiousness: One of the most infectious diseases known to humanity. The virus can survive in the air for up to two hours after an infected person has left a room.
- Initial Symptoms: Fever, dry cough, runny nose, and inflamed, watery eyes (conjunctivitis). Tiny white spots (Koplik spots) may appear inside the mouth.
- The Rash: A red, blotchy rash typically appears 3 to 5 days after symptoms begin, starting on the face and spreading down the body.
- Complications: Can be severe, including pneumonia, ear infections leading to hearing loss, and encephalitis (swelling of the brain). It is particularly dangerous for infants and those with weakened immune systems.
Rubella (German Measles)
- Contagiousness: Highly contagious, though generally less severe than measles for most children and adults.
- Initial Symptoms: Mild fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes (especially behind the ears and back of the neck), and a general feeling of being unwell.
- The Rash: A fine, pink rash that begins on the face and quickly spreads to the trunk and limbs, usually lasting about three days.
- Complications: The most critical risk is to pregnant women. If a woman contracts rubella during her first trimester, the virus can cause Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in the unborn baby, leading to devastating birth defects including deafness, cataracts, and heart abnormalities.
Check Your Birth Year
If you were born during or since 1966 in Australia, you should have received two doses of measles-containing vaccine. Those born before 1966 are generally considered immune due to widespread natural infection circulating at the time. If you are unsure of your vaccination history, it is completely safe to receive another dose of the MMR vaccine.
Prevention Through Vaccination
The most effective way to prevent both measles and rubella is through the MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine. In Australia, this is provided free on the National Immunisation Program (NIP) for children at 12 months and 18 months of age.
Many adults, however, may have only received one dose of the vaccine during childhood, or may not have been vaccinated at all. Because two doses are required for long-lasting protection, the government also provides free catch-up MMR vaccines for eligible individuals born during or since 1966 who have not had two documented doses.
Crucial Advice: Do Not Wait in the Waiting Room
If you suspect you or your child has measles, do not simply walk into your GP clinic, pharmacy, or hospital emergency department. Because measles is extraordinarily contagious, you could easily infect others in the waiting room. Call ahead first. The medical facility will arrange for you to be assessed in isolation.
How Your Pharmacist Can Help
At Moss Vale Community Pharmacy, we are committed to helping our community maintain strong immunity. Our pharmacists are readily available to discuss your vaccination history and provide practical support.
Immunity & MMR Monitoring
We can help you navigate the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) to check your documented vaccination history and determine if you need a catch-up dose.
Vaccination Services
Our accredited pharmacist immunisers can safely administer the MMR vaccine to eligible adults in our private consulting suite.
Travel Health Advice
Planning a trip overseas? We can advise you on whether you need a booster prior to travel to regions where measles is currently endemic.
Family Protection Planning
Guidance for parents, grandparents, and those planning a pregnancy on how to ensure a “cocoon” of immunity around vulnerable newborns.
When to Seek Further Help
Always consult a doctor if you believe you have been exposed to measles or rubella, particularly if you are pregnant, have an infant under 12 months, or have a compromised immune system. Early medical advice is vital. Remember to telephone the clinic or hospital before arriving so they can prepare for your visit safely.
Resources and Support
For trusted, evidence-based information regarding measles, rubella, and immunisation schedules in Australia, explore the following resources:
Government & Clinical Resources
NCIRS – Measles Fact Sheet Detailed clinical facts and epidemiological data from the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance. Healthdirect Australia – Measles Australian Government overview covering symptoms, contagion timelines, and standard treatment advice. Healthdirect Australia – Rubella Comprehensive guidance on German Measles, including the specific risks associated with pregnancy. Department of Health – Immunisation Information regarding the National Immunisation Program and how to access your immunisation history statement.Helplines and Support
Need to Check Your Immunity Status?
Don’t leave your protection to chance. Drop in and speak with our caring pharmacy team about your MMR vaccination history and travel health needs today.
02 4868 1293Moss Vale Community Pharmacy | 412 Argyle Street, Moss Vale NSW 2577
Medical Disclaimer: The information provided on this page is intended for general health education purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always consult your doctor, pharmacist or other qualified health professional with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or medication. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 000 immediately. Information was current at the time of publication and may not reflect the very latest clinical guidelines. External links are provided for informational purposes and do not constitute endorsement by Moss Vale Community Pharmacy.